It is a method of killing undesirable trees with out cutting them down. Hacking into inner bark and spray with basically round up. It's done during fall when posion will be taken to the roots. Not sure why some do this rather than cut. I'm going to bc my place is thick enough as is and I just want the clear canopy to help younger oaks.
Cut into the tree (chainsaw, handsaw, etc)....spray with Garlon or high dose of RU. Hatchet hacking is not as effective unless you really hack it good!